Outline of Canada

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Canada:

Canada /ˈkænədə/ is a North American country consisting of ten provinces and three territories. Located in the northern part of the continent, it extends from the Atlantic Ocean in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west and northward into the Arctic Ocean. It is the world's second largest country by total area, and shares land borders with the United States to the south and northwest, and marine borders with France and Greenland on the east and northeast, respectively.

The lands have been inhabited for millennia by various groups of aboriginal peoples. Beginning in the late 15th century, British and French expeditions explored and later settled the Atlantic coast. France ceded nearly all of its colonies in North America in 1763 after the Seven Years' War. In 1867, with the union of three British North American colonies through Confederation, Canada was formed as a federal dominion of four provinces. This began an accretion of additional provinces and territories and a process of increasing autonomy from the United Kingdom, highlighted by the Statute of Westminster in 1931 and culminating in the Canada Act in 1982 which severed the vestiges of legal dependence on the British parliament.

Canada is a federation that is governed as a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as its head of state. It is a bilingual and multicultural country, with both English and French as official languages at the federal level. Technologically advanced and industrialized, Canada maintains a diversified economy that is heavily reliant upon its abundant natural resources and upon tradeâ€"particularly with the United States, with which Canada has a long and complex relationship.

General reference

• Pronunciation /ˈkænÉ™dÉ™/
• Common English country name: Canada
• Official English country name: Canada
• Common endonym: Canada
• Official endonym: Canada
• Adjectival: Canadian, Canada
• Demonym: Canadian (Fr. canadien)
• Etymology: Name of Canada
• ISO country codes: CA, CAN, 124
• ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:CA
• Internet country code top-level domain: .ca
• International rankings of Canada

Geography of Canada

• Canada is...
  • a country
    • a nation state
    • a Commonwealth Realm
    • a federation
• Location:
  • Northern Hemisphere, Western Hemisphere
    • Americas
      • North America
        • Northern America
  • Time zones (Time in Canada):
    • Newfoundland Standard Time (UTC-03:30), Newfoundland Daylight Time (UTC-02:30)
    • Atlantic Standard Time (UTC-04), Atlantic Daylight Time (UTC-03)
    • Eastern Standard Time (UTC-05), Eastern Daylight Time (UTC-04)
    • Central Standard Time (UTC-06), Central Daylight Time (UTC-05)
    • Mountain Standard Time (UTC-07), Mountain Daylight Time (UTC-06)
    • Pacific Standard Time (UTC-08), Pacific Daylight Time (UTC-07)
  • Extreme points of Canada
    • North: Cape Columbia, Nunavut - (83°08' N, 74°13'W)
    • South: Middle Island, Ontario - (41°41'N, 82°40'W)
    • East: Cape Spear, Newfoundland - (47°31'N, 52°37'W)
    • West: Yukon-Alaska border - (141°00'W)
    • High: Mount Logan 5,959 m (19,551 ft)
    • Low: North Atlantic Ocean, Arctic Ocean, and North Pacific Ocean 0 m
  • Land boundaries:  United States United States 8,893 km
  • Coastline: 202,080 km
• Population of Canada: 33,476,688 people (2011 Census) - 36th most populous country
• Area of Canada: 9,984,670 km² (3,854,085 sq mi) - 2nd most extensive country
• Atlas of Canada

Environment of Canada

• Climate of Canada
• Environmental issues in Canada
  • Fires in Canada
• Ecoregions in Canada
• Renewable energy in Canada
• Geology of Canada
  • Earthquakes in Canada
• National parks of Canada
• Protected areas of Canada
• Wildlife of Canada
  • Flora of Canada
  • Fauna of Canada
    • Birds of Canada
    • Mammals of Canada

Geographic features of Canada

• Canadian Arctic
• Fjords of Canada
• Glaciers of Canada
• Islands of Canada
• Lakes of Canada
  • Great Lakes

• Mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Highest mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 142 Most prominent mountain peaks of Canada
  • The 100 Most isolated mountain peaks of Canada
  • Appalachian Mountains
  • Pacific Cordillera
  • Rocky Mountains
  • Volcanoes of Canada
• Prairies of Canada
• Rivers of Canada
  • Waterfalls of Canada
• Valleys of Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada
• Other
  • Canadian Shield
  • St. Lawrence Lowlands
  • List of National Historic Sites of Canada

Regions of Canada

• Northern Canada (The North)
• Western Canada
  • Prairies
• Eastern Canada
  • Central Canada
  • Atlantic Canada
    • Maritimes

Other regions

• English Canada, sometimes known as the Rest of Canada (excluding Quebec) when considering topics of language
• French Canada
• Acadia
• Quebec-Windsor Corridor

Ecoregions of Canada

Administrative divisions of Canada

Provinces

Notes:

Territories

There are currently three territories in Canada. Unlike the provinces, the territories of Canada have no inherent jurisdiction and only have those powers delegated to them by the federal government.

Note: Canada did not acquire any new land to create Yukon, Alberta, Saskatchewan, or Nunavut. All of these originally formed part of Northwest Territories.

Municipalities of Canada

• Cities of Canada
  • Capital of Canada: Ottawa

Demography of Canada

• Canadians
• Immigration to Canada
• Aboriginal peoples in Canada

Demographics by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Demographics of Northwest Territories
• Demographics of Nunavut
• Demographics of the Yukon

Government and politics of Canada

Main article: Government of Canada and Politics of Canada

• Form of government: constitutional monarchy and democratic parliamentary federation
• Capital of Canada: Ottawa

• Administrative divisions of Canada
• Canadian and American politics compared
• Canadian and Australian politics compared
• Canadian Conservatism
• List of Canadian federal general elections
• Canadian Nationalism
• Elections in Canada
  • Electoral ridings
  • Electoral system
  • List of elections
• Federalism in Canada
• Human rights in Canada
• Liberalism in Canada
• Political culture of Canada
• Political parties in Canada
• Political scandals of Canada
• Progressivism in Canada
• Socialism and Social Democracy in Canada
• Taxation in Canada

Branches of the government of Canada

Executive branch of the government of Canada

• Head of state: Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada
  • Governor General of Canada, the Queen's representative
    • Queen's Privy Council for Canada
      • Prime Minister (Stephen Harper)
      • Cabinet (Twenty-Eighth Ministry)
      • Ministries
      • President of the Queen's Privy Council
      • Privy Council Office
      • Clerk of the Privy Council

Government of Canada

• Head of government: Stephen Harper, Prime Minister of Canada
  • Cabinet of Canada (Minority government)

Legislative branch of the government of Canada

• Parliament of Canada
  • The Queen
  • Senate of Canada
    • Speaker of the Canadian Senate
  • Canadian House of Commons
    • Speaker of the Canadian House of Commons

Judicial branch of the government of Canada

• Supreme Court of Canada
• Appellate Courts of the provinces and territories
  • Alberta Court of Appeal
  • British Columbia Court of Appeal
  • Manitoba Court of Appeal
  • New Brunswick Court of Appeal
  • Supreme Court of Newfoundland (Court of Appeal)
  • Court of Appeal for the Northwest Territories
  • Nova Scotia Court of Appeal
  • Nunavut Court of Appeal
  • Court of Appeal for Ontario
  • Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island - Appeal Division
  • Quebec Court of Appeal
  • Saskatchewan Court of Appeal
  • Court of Appeal of the Yukon Territory
• Superior-level courts of the provinces and territories
  • Court of Queen's Bench of Alberta
  • Supreme Court of British Columbia
  • Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba
  • Court of Queen's Bench of New Brunswick
  • Supreme Court of Newfoundland and Labrador (Trial Division)
  • Supreme Court of the Northwest Territories
  • Supreme Court of Nova Scotia
  • Nunavut Court of Justice
  • Ontario Superior Court of Justice
  • Supreme Court of Prince Edward Island - Trial Division
  • Quebec Superior Court
  • Court of Queen's Bench for Saskatchewan
  • Supreme Court of the Yukon Territory

Foreign relations of Canada

International organization membership

Canada is a member of:

Law and order in Canada

Main article: Law of Canada

• Canadian Aboriginal law
• Canada Bank Act
• Canadian Bill of Rights
• Canadian competition law
• Constitution of Canada
• Canadian content
• Canadian contract law
• Canadian copyright law
• Canadian corporation
• Crime in Canada
• Canadian family law
• Law enforcement in Canada
  • Criminal law statute
    • Criminal Code of Canada
• List of law enforcement agencies in Canada

Military of Canada

Main article: Military of Canada

• Command structure
  • Commander-in-chief: Governor General of Canada (nominally, see also The Canadian Crown and the Canadian Forces)
  • Prime Minister of Canada (de facto Commander-in-chief)
    • Minister of National Defence
      • Chief of the Defence Staff
        • Royal Canadian Navy (RCN), command of the Navy;
        • Canadian Army (CA) command of the Army;
        • Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), command of the Air Force.
        • Canadian Joint Operations Command (CJOC), responsible for all operations except special forces;
        • Canadian Special Operations Forces Command (CANSOFCOM), responsible for special forces operations within Canada and abroad.
• Canadian Forces
  • Army: Canadian Army
  • Navy: Royal Canadian Navy
  • Air force: Royal Canadian Air Force
  • Special forces: Canadian Special Operations Forces Command
  • Military reserve force: Canadian Forces reserve force
    • Canadian Forces Primary Reserve
    • Canadian Forces Supplementary Reserve
    • Canadian Rangers
    • Cadet Instructors Cadre

• Canadian Coast Guard

Provincial governments

Territory governments

• Government of the Northwest Territories
• Government of Nunavut
• Government of the Yukon

Politics by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Politics of Northwest Territories
• Politics of Nunavut
• Politics of the Yukon

History of Canada

Main article: History of Canada and List of years in Canada

• Former Colonies and Territories in Canada
• Constitutional history of Canada
• History of immigration to Canada
• Economic history of Canada
• Fires in Canada
• Military history of Canada
• History of monarchy in Canada
• Persons of National Historic Significance
• Territorial evolution of Canada (1867â€"present)

History of Canada by period

• Pre-Columbian era (Canada)
• 1534â€"1763: New France
• 1764-1867: Canada under British Imperial Control
• 1867-1914: Post-Confederation Canada
• 1914-1945: Canada in the World Wars and Interwar Years
• 1945-1960
• 1960-1981
• 1982-1992
• 1992-present

History of Canada by political division

Provinces

Territories

• History of Nunavut
• History of the Northwest Territories
• History of the Yukon

Culture of Canada

Main article: Culture of Canada

• Age and internet use in Canada
• Alcoholic beverages in Canada
• Architecture of Canada
  • Oldest buildings in Canada
• Cuisine of Canada
  • Supermarket Chains in Canada
• Decorations and medals of Canada (in order of precedence)
• Festivals in Canada
• Humour in Canada
• Languages of Canada
  • Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
  • Official bilingualism in Canada
  • Canadian English
  • Canadian French
• Media in Canada
• Symbols of Canada
  • National symbols of Canada
    • Coat of arms of Canada
    • Flag of Canada
    • National anthem of Canada
  • Royal symbols of Canada
• People of Canada
  • Canadian identity
    • Canadian nationalism
    • Canadian cultural protectionism
  • Ethnic groups in Canada
    • History of immigration to Canada
• Prostitution in Canada
• Public holidays in Canada
• World Heritage Sites in Canada

Culture by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Culture of Northwest Territories
• Culture of Nunavut
• Culture of the Yukon

Art in Canada

• Art in Canada
  • Canadian Artists
  • Museums in Alberta
  • Museums in British Columbia
  • Museums in Manitoba
  • Museums in New Brunswick
  • Museums in Newfoundland and Labrador
  • Museums in Ontario
  • Museums in Quebec
  • Museums in Saskatchewan
• Cinema of Canada
  • Canadian Film Awards
• Canadian comics
  • Central Canada Comic Con
• Literature of Canada
  • Canadian writers
• Television in Canada
• Theatre of Canada
  • Canadian playwrights

Music of Canada

Main article: Music of Canada

• Canadian blues
• Canadian classical music
• Canadian hip hop
• Canadian Idol
• Canadian rock
• Caribbean music in Canada
• Music of Canadian cultures

Music by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Music of Northwest Territories
• Music of Nunavut
• Music of the Yukon

Religion in Canada

• Religion in Canada
  • Buddhism in Canada
  • Christianity in Canada
    • Roman Catholicism in Canada
  • Hinduism in Canada
  • Islam in Canada
  • Judaism in Canada
  • Sikhism in Canada
• Irreligion in Canada

Sport in Canada

Main article: Sport in Canada

Official Sports

• Ice hockey
• Lacrosse

Other sports

• Canadian football
• Canada at the Olympics
• Canada Rugby League
• Canadian Curling Association
• Canadian Figure Skating
• Association Football (Soccer) in Canada
• Cross Country Skiing
• Snowboarding in Canada

Hall of Fame Museums

• Hockey Hall of Fame
• Canadian Curling Hall of Fame
• Skate Canada Hall of Fame
• Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame

Economy and infrastructure of Canada

• Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2007): 9th (ninth)
• Agriculture in Canada
• Banking in Canada
  • Banks in Canada
    • National Bank of Canada
• Communications in Canada
  • Internet in Canada
• Companies of Canada
• Currency of Canada: Dollar
  • ISO 4217: CAD
• Economic history of Canada
• Energy in Canada
  • Geothermal power in Canada
• Health care in Canada
  • Emergency medical services in Canada
• Mining in Canada
• Science and technology in Canada
• Stock exchanges:

• CNQ
• Nasdaq Canada
• Toronto Stock Exchange, S&P/TSX 60 is the main index of TSX
• TSX Venture Exchange
• Winnipeg Commodity Exchange
• Montreal Exchange

• Tourism in Canada
  • Niagara Falls
• Transport in Canada
  • Airports in Canada
  • Rail transport in Canada
  • Roads in Canada
• Water supply and sanitation in Canada

Economics by political division

Provinces

• Economy of Alberta
• Economy of British Columbia
  • Economy of Vancouver (city)
• Economy of Manitoba
• Economy of New Brunswick
• Economy of Newfoundland and Labrador
• Economy of Nova Scotia
• Economy of Ontario
  • Economy of Toronto (city)
• Economy of Prince Edward Island
• Economy of Quebec
  • Demographic history of Quebec
  • Economy of Montreal (city)
• Economy of Saskatchewan

Territories

• Economy of Northwest Territories
• Economy of Nunavut
• Economy of the Yukon

Education in Canada

Main article: Education in Canada

Main article: Higher education in Canada

Higher Education by political division

Provinces

Territories

• Higher education in Northwest Territories
• Higher education in Nunavut
• Higher education in the Yukon

Bibliographies

• Bibliography of Canada
  • Bibliography of Canadian history
    • Bibliography of Canadian military history
      • Bibliography of the 1837-1838 insurrections in Lower Canada
      • List of books about the War of 1812
• Bibliography of Canadian provinces and territories
  • Bibliography of Alberta history
  • Bibliography of British Columbia
  • Bibliography of New Brunswick
  • Bibliography of Nova Scotia
  • Bibliography of Ontario
  • Bibliography of Saskatchewan history
• List of books about Prime Ministers of Canada

See also

• All pages beginning with "Canada"
• All pages beginning with "Canadian"
• All pages with titles containing "Canada"
• All pages with titles containing "Canadian"
• List of international rankings
• Member state of the Commonwealth of Nations
• Member state of the Group of Twenty Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors
• Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
• Member state of the United Nations
• Metrication in Canada

References

External links

• Wikimedia Canada
• Wikimedia Atlas of Canada

Government

• Official website of the Government of Canada
• Official website of the Prime Minister of Canada
• Official website of the Governor General of Canada
• Official website of the Canadian Forces
• Official Government of Canada online Atlas of Canada
• Permanent Mission of Canada to the United Nations

Crown corporations

• Canadian Broadcasting Corporation
• Canada Post
• Canadian Tourism Commission

Other

• Culture.ca â€" Canada's Cultural Gateway
• Culturescope.ca â€" Canadian Cultural Observatory
• Canadian Studies: A Guide to the Sources
• Statistics Canada with Canada's population clock
• The Canadian Atlas Online
• Canada entry at The World Factbook
• UN Human Development Program: Country Fact Sheet: Canada, Statistics â€" Country Sheet: Canada
• Canada travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Canada from The Canadian Encyclopedia